Annual Report
COCONUT RESEARCH STATION, ALIYARNAGAR
ACTIVITIES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
- Coconut Research Station of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, situated at Aliyarnagar (100 N and 770 E), is vested with the regional and national responsibility of crop breeding, crop management and crop protection in coconut, cocoa, pepper and ginger together with crop protection component in groundnut as this tract is the hot spot for red rust disease in groundnut.
- During 2018 -19, four research projects were proposed on the development of fertigation schedule for tall varieties of coconut, evaluation of turmeric genotypes for intercropping in coconut gardens, development of fertilizer recommendation for dwarf varieties of coconut and solar energy powered capacitive deionization techniques for desalination of irrigation water
- Ginger genotypes Athira and Rejetha were found to be suitable for intercropping in coconut gardens interms of their yield potential and quality traits. Micronutrient recommendation was developed for cocoa plantations and is presently under on farm testing. Paddy based oilseed cropping systems were evaluated for PAP canal command area of Tamil Nadu and paddy –black gram system was found to be remunerative. Capacitive deionization was found as a novel technique in desalination of irrigation water.
- New whitefly – Nesting whitefly (Paraleyrodes minei) was identified in coconut gardens.
- 34 awareness programmes has been organized for the control of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly in coconut and a total of 9,12,800 parasitoids of Encarsia guadaleoupe has been distributed to the farmers.
- District level seminar on Improved Cocoa Production Strategies for Increasing Farm Productivity with the financial support of Directorate of Cashew and Cocoa Development, Cochin was organized.
- 26th Annual Group Meet of AICRP (Palms) was organized at TNAU, Coimbatore during June 6-8, 2019.
- Sanction has been obtained for the construction of seed nut storage chamber, poly house, glass house and for laying drip irrigation system at CRS, Aliyarnagar with a budget outlay of Rs. 24 lakhs under TANII project.
- Presently there are 14 university research projects, three externally funded schemes and five venture capital schemes on production of coconut seedlings of tall, dwarf and hybrids, biocontrol agents, vermicompost and soil fertility assessment and advisory centre.
- A total farm receipt of Rs.33,69,445 was accrued during 2018 -19.
Table 1. Seminars/Trainings/Conferences organized by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Title of the Seminar/Training | Sponsor | Budget | Period (Duration ) | Category of Participants | Number of Participants |
1. | Training on Mass Production of Bioinputs for sustainable coconut farming in Tamil Nadu | Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology | Rs.50,000 | 03.01.2018 -05.01.2018
(3 days) |
Farmers | 50 |
2. | District level seminar on Improved Cocoa Production Strategies for Improving Farm Productivity | Directorate of Cashew and Cocoa Development, Cochin | Rs.50,000 | 27.03.2019
(1 day) |
Coconut growers | 50 |
Table 2. Important Visitors to CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date | Name and Designation of the Visitor | Country | Department / College Visited | Purpose |
1. | 04.09.2018 | Dr.Joseph Rajkumar, Principal Scientist, CPCRI, Kasaragod | India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | To conduct pest surveillance of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly in Anaimalai block and to discuss about biocontrol of the pest. |
2. | 28.09.2018 | Dr.S.K.Bera, Principal Scientist, (ICAR- DGR, Junagadh) Dr.K.K.Reddy, Scientist (ICAR- DGR, Junagadh) Dr.R.P.Vasanthi, Professor (ANGRAU, Tirupati) Dr.R.Sridevi, Assistant Professor, (UAS, Raichur) | India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | To review the research trials of AICRP (Groundnut) at CRS, Aliyar Nagar |
3. | 07.10.201 8 –
10.10.2018 |
Dr.H.Maheswarappa
Project Co-ordinator, AICRP (Palms) |
India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | · Review of AICRP (Palms) research trials at CRS, Aliyarnagar
· Monitoring Research trials in farmers’ holdings |
Table 3. Inputs Produced and Laboratory services provided by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | |
Soil Testing | 237 no.s | 42025 | Pseudomonas | 849 kgs | 88600 | |||||||
Water sample analysis | 58 no.s | 14500 | Trichoderma | 742 kgs | 76680 | |||||||
TNAU Micro Nutrient Mixture | Braconids | 970 packets | 53325 | |||||||||
TNAU Mineral Water | Encarsia | 6057 packets | 60570 | |||||||||
Nutri Seed Pack | ||||||||||||
Azozpirillum | ||||||||||||
Phosphobacteria | ||||||||||||
Rhizobium | ||||||||||||
Vermicompost | 5296 kgs | 56010 | ||||||||||
Azolla | ||||||||||||
Bio Mineralizer | ||||||||||||
Azophos | ||||||||||||
Panchagaviya | ||||||||||||
Coconut tonic | ||||||||||||
Coconut Seedling | 10667 | 815865 | ||||||||||
Table 4.Seed Production by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
Breeder Seed | Foundation Seed | Truthfully labeled seed | |||||||||
S.No | Crop | Qty | Value | S.No | Crop | Qty | Value | S.No | Crop | Qty | Value |
Rice | Tomato | ||||||||||
Sorghum | Brinjal | ||||||||||
Ragi | Chillies | ||||||||||
Varagu | Bhendi | ||||||||||
Thenai | Onion | ||||||||||
Samai | Ridge gourd | ||||||||||
Varagu | Ash Gourd | ||||||||||
Panivaragu | Snake gourd | ||||||||||
Kuthiraivali | Clusterbean | ||||||||||
Maize | Pumpkin | ||||||||||
Red gram | Amaranthus | ||||||||||
Green gram | A.Moringa | ||||||||||
Black gram | Veg.Cowpea | ||||||||||
Cow pea | Lab Lab | ||||||||||
Horse gram | |||||||||||
Mothbean | |||||||||||
Fodder Sorghum | |||||||||||
Cotton | |||||||||||
Groundnut | |||||||||||
Gingelly | |||||||||||
Castor | |||||||||||
Desmanthus | |||||||||||
Lucerne | |||||||||||
Table 5. Foreign Visits by the Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date | Name of the scientist | Designation and Affiliation | Place of Visit | Purpose of Visit |
1. | – | – | – | – | – |
2. | |||||
3. | |||||
4. | |||||
5. |
Table 6. Patents Filed /Granted to CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Name of the Innovation | Scientist & Department | Date Filing/Grant |
1. | – | – | – |
Table 7. Awards received by the Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date of Award | Name of the Award | Name of the Scientist and Designation | Department/
Unit |
Awarding Organization | Cash Award/Plaque/ Certificate* |
1. | 02.07.2018 | Best Research Station Award of TNAU 2017 | —- | CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque, Certificate |
2. | 02.07.2018 | Nalla Venkattappa Award for the Best Research in Redgram | Dr.E.Rajeswari
Asst. Prof (Pl.Pathology) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque, Certificate |
3. | 26.10.2018 | Best Poster Presentation Award for the paper “Lime Induced Iron Chlorosis : Physiological Barrier for Cocoa Intercropping in Coconut Gardens” in NSASM 2018 | Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi
Asst. Prof (Soil Science & Agrl.Chemistry) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Certificate |
4. | 24.02.2019 | Outstanding Achievement Award for the contribution in Coconut Entomology | Dr.K.Rajamanickam
Professor (Agrl. Ento) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque / Certificate |
*Scanned copy of certificates attached
Table 8. Trainings/Conference attended by Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S. No | Name of the Training/Conference | Name of the Scientist | Date of the Event (From.. To..) | Organizers | Host Institution & Place | |
Conferences/Seminars | ||||||
International | ||||||
1. | First Cleanup Congress 2018 | Dr.R.M.Jayabalakrishnan | 22.10.2018 – 24.10.2018 | Dept. of Environmental Sciences, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
National | ||||||
1. | 27th Annual Group Meet of Palms at IIOPR, Pedavegi | Dr.V.Sivakumar
Dr.R.Ramjegathesh Dr.M.Alagar |
23.05.2018 – 26.05.2018 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | CPCRI, Kasaragod | |
2. | World Coconut Day 2018 | Dr.K.Rajamanickam | 02.09.2018 | Coconut Development Board, Cochin | Agricultural College, Raipur | |
3. | National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management : Challenges and Opportunities | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.V.Sivakumar Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi |
25.10.2018, 26.10.2018 | Dept. of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
4. | National Symposium on Cutting Edge Approaches for Sustainable Disease Management and ensuring Farmers’ Profit | Dr.E.Rajeswari | 20.12.2018, 21.12.2018 | Indian Phytopathological Society | National Research Centre for Banana, Trichy | |
5. | National Conference on Farmers orientation Towards Climate Change and Upgrading to Sustainable Agriculture FOCUS 2019 | Dr.K.Rajamanickam | 23.02.2019- 24.02.2019 | GOI – Coconut Development Board and NBAIR | Trichy | |
State | ||||||
1. | World Coconut Day 2018 | Dr.K.Venkatesan, Dr.E.Rajeswari, Dr.R.M. Jayabalakrishnan, Dr.S.Sundravadana, Dr.V.Sivakumar, Dr.M.Alagar and Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi | 02.09.2018 | CRS, Aliyarnagar and Vinayaga Coconut Producers Society, Pollachi | Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu | |
2. | State level seminar on Scientific Coconut Cultivation Technology / Value Addition in coconut | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.K.Rajamanickam Dr.E.Rajeswari |
12.11.2018 – 14.11.2018 | Coconut Development Board, Cochin | Nagercoil | |
3. | Agri Fair | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.K.Rajamanickam |
21.12.2018 | Pollachi Chamber of Trade and Commerce | KKG Wedding Hall, Pollachi | |
Trainings | ||||||
International | ||||||
National | ||||||
1. | Orientation Programme on Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Coconut | Dr.M.Alagar | 23.04.2018 – 29.04.2018 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | CPCRI, Kasaragod | |
2. | One day training on Automated Agro Advisory Mobile cum App | Dr.R.M.Jayabalakrishnan | 15.02.2019 | Agroclimate Research Centre, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
State | ||||||
1. | Workshop on Grantsmanship to young faculty of TNAU | Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi | 07.01.2019 | Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, TNAU, Coimbatore. | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
2. | One day demonstration programme on modified ground pollination techniques in coconut | Dr.V.Sivakumar | 17.01.2019 – 19.01.2019 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | ICAR-CPCRI, Regional Station, Kayamkulam | |
Table 9 Publications of the Scientists during 2018-19
S.No | Category | Publication Details* (in English) | Publication Details* (in Tamil) | NAAS Score | Scopus/Web of Science Listing |
A. | Books with ISBN only
(Indicate ISBN Number) |
||||
1. | |||||
2. | |||||
B. | Books without ISBN only | ||||
1. | Subramanian, A., H.P.Maheswarappa, B., A.Jerard, S.Sumitha, V.Sivakumar, K.Rajamanickam and K.Venkatesan. 2018. | Documentation of elite coconut mother palms for augmenting quality planting material production in coconut growing regions. In: Technical Bulletin: AICRP on Palms, Coconut Research Station, TNAU, Aliyar Nagar and ICAR – CPCRI, Kasaragod. | bjd;id rhFgo bra;ag;gLk; gFjpfspy; jukhd fd;Wfs; cw;gj;jpf;F jha;kuj; njh;t[ Fwpj;j Mtzk;. bjhHpy;El;g ifnaL. mfpy ,e;jpa gidg; gaph;fs; Muha;r;rpj; jpl;lk;/ fhrh;nfhL kw;Wk; bjd;id Muha;r;rp epiyak;/ MHpahh; efh;. | ||
C. | Chapters in Books with ISBN only (Indicate ISBN Number) | ||||
1. | |||||
2. | |||||
3. | |||||
4. | |||||
D. | Articles in journals | ||||
1. | Chaudhari Sunil, Khare , D., Sundravadana S., Manohar Surendra and Variath Murali, T.2017. | Capturing Genetic Diversity in Genomic Selection Panel of Groundnut for foliar disease resistance, yield and nutritional quality traits. International Journal of Genetics, 9(5); 278 – 283. | ,iyneha;fSf;fhd jh’;F jpwd;/ mjpf tpisjpwd; kw;Wk; Cl;lr;rj;J gz;g[fs; bfhz;l epyf;fliy \yf;TWfis kugpay; ntWghLfs; bfhz;L bjhpt[ bra;jy;. kugpaYf;fhd rh;tnjr r”;rpif. 9(5): 278- 283. | 4.46 | |
2. | Sobhan Kumar Kompalli, S.Suresh Babu, C..Udaya soorian, Rajamani and M.Jayabalakrishnan.2018 | Role of anthropogenic emissions and meteorology on ultrafine particle bursts over a high altitude site in western ghats during pre-monsoon. Journal of Atmosphere and Solar – Terrestrial Physics 179 : 378 – 388. | nkw;F bjhlh;r;rp kiyapy; Kd;gUt fhyj;jpy; kdpj tHp khRghL kw;Wk; fhyep[iyapd; jhf;fj;jhy; Vw;gLk; Ez; Jfs; btog;g[. tspkz;ly kw;Wk; Nhpa –g[tp rhh;e;j r”;rpif 179 : 378 -388. | 7.49 | |
3. | Prisca Seeli F.D A. John Joel, E. Rajeswari, A. and Thangahemavathy. 2018. | Development of reference set for Fusarium wilt resistance using principal component scores in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan Millsp L.) germplasm. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 9 (3 ) : 1045 – 1052. | Jtiuapy; @g;a{nrhpak; thly; neha;f;F jh’;F jpwd; bfhz;l kug[f; fUt{y’;fisf; fz;lwpjy;. gaph; ,dg;bgUf;f kpd;dpay; r”;rpif. 9(3) : 1045- 1052. | 4.97 | |
4. | Achanta Sravika, JS Kennedy, D Rajabaskar and E Rajeswari. 2018. | Screening of blackgram genotypes against leaf crinkle virus. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies; 6(6): 119-122. | ,iy RUs; er;Raphpf;F vjph;g;g[j; jpwd; bfhz;l cSe;J kugqf; fUt{y’;fisf; fz;lwpjy;. g{r;rpapay; kw;Wk; tpy’;fpay; gog;g[ gw;wpa r”;rpif 6(6) : 119 – 122. | 5.53 | |
5. | Sudhalakshmi, C.2019. | Assessment of the spatial variability in soil micronutrients of Coconut Research Station, Aliyar Nagar employing geospatial techniques. Green Farming 10 (1): 17 – 21. | MHpahh; bjd;id Muha;r;rp epiyaj;jpd; kz;zpd; ntWghl;il g[tpapay; bjhHpy;El;g’;fs; bfhz;L tifg;gLj;Jjy;. gRik gz;izak; 10(1) : 17-21. | 4.38 | |
6. | Balusamy, A., Udayasoorian, C. and Jayabalakrishnan R M . 2019 | Effect of subsurface drainage system on Maize growth, yield and soil quality. Int.J. Curr. Microbio. App. Sci.8(2): 1206-1215 | kf;fhrnrhsj;;;jpd;; tsh;r;rp/ kfNy;; kw;Wk; kz;zpd; juj;jpy; fPH; tofhy; mikg;g[ Vw;gLj;Jk; jhf;fk;. rh;tnjr Ez;qaphpay; kw;wk; brayhf;f caphpay; r”;rpif. 8(02): 1206 – 1215. | 5.38 | |
7. | Arunkumar, K., V.Jegadeeswari and C.Ushamalini. 2019 | Seed priming technology in spice crops. Journal of Phytology. 11: 21-24. | thridg; gaph;fspy; tpij neh;j;jp. $h;dy;;;; M@g;; igl;lhy$p.. 11: 21-24. | 4.03 | |
8. | Rani, S., C.Sudhalakshmi, K.Venkatesan and H.P.Maheswarappa. 2019. | Effect of fertigation on Productivity and Economics of Dwarf Coconut cv. Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD). Int.J. Curr. Microbio. App. Sci.8(2): 1163 -1168. | rhtf;fhL Mu”;R Fl;il ,ufj; bjd;idapy; cuePh;g;ghrdj;jhy; tpisjpwd; kw;Wk; bghUshjhu tpfpjj;jpy; Vw;gLk; jhf;fk;. rh;tnjr Ez;qaphpay; kw;wk; brayhf;f caphpay; r”;rpif. 8(2): 1163 – 1168. | 5.38 | |
E. | Abstracts in seminars | ||||
1. | Venkatesan, K. and Shoba, N. 2018. | Standardization of planting material in pepper for high relative humidity conditions under coconut ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 286 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; fhw;wpd; mjpf <ug;gjj;jpw;F Vw;g[ila FWkpsF elt[ bghUisj; ju eph;zak; bra;jy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 286. | ||
2. | Sivakumar, V. and Subramaniam, V.2018. | Effect of graded levels of boron and magnesium on abiotic stress management in jasmine. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 226 | Fz;L ky;ypapy; nghuhd; kw;Wk; kf;dPrpar; rj;Jfis mspj;J Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwiaf; fisjy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 226. | ||
3. | Sivakumar, V., Subramanian, A., Shoba, N and Venkatesan, K. 2018 | Evaluation of ginger genotypes for high relative humidity conditions under coconut ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 274 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; fhw;wpd; mjpf <ug;gj epiyf;F Vw;w ,”;rp kug[f;TWfis kjpg;gPL bra;jy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 274. | ||
4. | Sudhalakshmi, C.2018. | Root attributes: Determinants of differential efficiency of rice genotypes in tolerance to zinc stress. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 55 | nth; gz;g[fs;. – bew; gaphpy; Jj;jehfg; gw;whf;Fiwf;fhd jh’;F jpwid eph;zapf;Fk Kf;fpa fhuzpfs;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 55. | ||
5. | Sudhalakshmi, C. 2018. | Lime Induced Iron Chlorosis : Physiological barrier for cocoa intercropping in coconut gardens. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 229 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; nfhnfh rhFgoapy; Rz;zfj;jhy; Vw;gLk; ,Uk;g[r;rj;J gw;whf;Fiw. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 229. | ||
6. | Rajeswari ,E., R. Ramjegathesh and H.P. Maheswarappa.2018. | Integrated disease management module for coconut leaf blight disease. In the Souvenir of the National Symposium 2018 – Cutting Edge Approaches for Sustainable Plant Disease Management and ensuring Farmers profit. National Research Centre for Banana, Trichy. Pp.113 | bjd;idapy; Vw;gLk; ,iyf;fUfy; neha; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;fhd XU’;fpize;j nkyhz;ik Kiw. cHth;fspd; tUkhdj;ij bgUf;f/ epiyahd gaph; neha; nkyhz;ikf;fhd mqFKiwfs; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F. njrpa thiH Muha;r;rp ikak;/ jpUr;rp/ ork;gh;. 2018 gf;fk; 113. | ||
F. | Popular articles in Weeklies and Monthlies | ||||
1. | rp.Rjhy&;kp/ $. uQ;kj; ep#h kw;Wk; f.bt’;fnlrd;. 2018. | kz;iz mwpe;jhy;…….. jpdkyh;. 05.12.2018. | kz;iz mwpe;jhy;…….. jpdkyh;. 05.12.2018. | ||
2. | Srinivasan, T., K. Rajamanickam , R. Ramjegathesh, V.Sivakumar, S. Rani and K. Venkatesan. 2018 | Integrated Pest Management in Coconut – Management of Rugose spiraling whitefly by natural enemies. Dinamalar Daily paper (tamil) on 22.04.2018. | bjd;idapy; xU’;fpize;j g{r;rp nkyhz;ik – ,aw;if vjphpfs; bfhz;L +nfh!; RUs; bts;is < nkyhz;ik. jpdkyh;. 22.04.2018. | ||
3. | rp.Rjhy&;kp/ f.,uh$khzpf;fk; kw;Wk; f.bt’;fnlrd;.2018. | twl;rpapYk; bjd;idia thH itg;nghk;. cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik. gpg;uthp 2018. | twl;rpapYk; bjd;idia thH itg;nghk;. cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik. gpg;uthp 2018. |
* APA referencing format
COCONUT RESEARCH STATION, ALIYARNAGAR
ACTIVITIES AND ACHIEVEMENTS
- Coconut Research Station of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, situated at Aliyarnagar (100 N and 770 E), is vested with the regional and national responsibility of crop breeding, crop management and crop protection in coconut, cocoa, pepper and ginger together with crop protection component in groundnut as this tract is the hot spot for red rust disease in groundnut.
- During 2018 -19, four research projects were proposed on the development of fertigation schedule for tall varieties of coconut, evaluation of turmeric genotypes for intercropping in coconut gardens, development of fertilizer recommendation for dwarf varieties of coconut and solar energy powered capacitive deionization techniques for desalination of irrigation water
- Ginger genotypes Athira and Rejetha were found to be suitable for intercropping in coconut gardens interms of their yield potential and quality traits. Micronutrient recommendation was developed for cocoa plantations and is presently under on farm testing. Paddy based oilseed cropping systems were evaluated for PAP canal command area of Tamil Nadu and paddy –black gram system was found to be remunerative. Capacitive deionization was found as a novel technique in desalination of irrigation water.
- New whitefly – Nesting whitefly (Paraleyrodes minei) was identified in coconut gardens.
- 34 awareness programmes has been organized for the control of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly in coconut and a total of 9,12,800 parasitoids of Encarsia guadaleoupe has been distributed to the farmers.
- District level seminar on Improved Cocoa Production Strategies for Increasing Farm Productivity with the financial support of Directorate of Cashew and Cocoa Development, Cochin was organized.
- 26th Annual Group Meet of AICRP (Palms) was organized at TNAU, Coimbatore during June 6-8, 2019.
- Sanction has been obtained for the construction of seed nut storage chamber, poly house, glass house and for laying drip irrigation system at CRS, Aliyarnagar with a budget outlay of Rs. 24 lakhs under TANII project.
- Presently there are 14 university research projects, three externally funded schemes and five venture capital schemes on production of coconut seedlings of tall, dwarf and hybrids, biocontrol agents, vermicompost and soil fertility assessment and advisory centre.
- A total farm receipt of Rs.33,69,445 was accrued during 2018 -19.
Table 1. Seminars/Trainings/Conferences organized by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Title of the Seminar/Training | Sponsor | Budget | Period (Duration ) | Category of Participants | Number of Participants |
1. | Training on Mass Production of Bioinputs for sustainable coconut farming in Tamil Nadu | Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology | Rs.50,000 | 03.01.2018 -05.01.2018
(3 days) |
Farmers | 50 |
2. | District level seminar on Improved Cocoa Production Strategies for Improving Farm Productivity | Directorate of Cashew and Cocoa Development, Cochin | Rs.50,000 | 27.03.2019
(1 day) |
Coconut growers | 50 |
Table 2. Important Visitors to CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date | Name and Designation of the Visitor | Country | Department / College Visited | Purpose |
1. | 04.09.2018 | Dr.Joseph Rajkumar, Principal Scientist, CPCRI, Kasaragod | India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | To conduct pest surveillance of Rugose Spiraling Whitefly in Anaimalai block and to discuss about biocontrol of the pest. |
2. | 28.09.2018 | Dr.S.K.Bera, Principal Scientist, (ICAR- DGR, Junagadh) Dr.K.K.Reddy, Scientist (ICAR- DGR, Junagadh) Dr.R.P.Vasanthi, Professor (ANGRAU, Tirupati) Dr.R.Sridevi, Assistant Professor, (UAS, Raichur) | India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | To review the research trials of AICRP (Groundnut) at CRS, Aliyar Nagar |
3. | 07.10.201 8 –
10.10.2018 |
Dr.H.Maheswarappa
Project Co-ordinator, AICRP (Palms) |
India | CRS, Aliyarnagar | · Review of AICRP (Palms) research trials at CRS, Aliyarnagar
· Monitoring Research trials in farmers’ holdings |
Table 3. Inputs Produced and Laboratory services provided by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | S.No | Name of the Input | Qty | Value | |
Soil Testing | 237 no.s | 42025 | Pseudomonas | 849 kgs | 88600 | |||||||
Water sample analysis | 58 no.s | 14500 | Trichoderma | 742 kgs | 76680 | |||||||
TNAU Micro Nutrient Mixture | Braconids | 970 packets | 53325 | |||||||||
TNAU Mineral Water | Encarsia | 6057 packets | 60570 | |||||||||
Nutri Seed Pack | ||||||||||||
Azozpirillum | ||||||||||||
Phosphobacteria | ||||||||||||
Rhizobium | ||||||||||||
Vermicompost | 5296 kgs | 56010 | ||||||||||
Azolla | ||||||||||||
Bio Mineralizer | ||||||||||||
Azophos | ||||||||||||
Panchagaviya | ||||||||||||
Coconut tonic | ||||||||||||
Coconut Seedling | 10667 | 815865 | ||||||||||
Table 4.Seed Production by CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
Breeder Seed | Foundation Seed | Truthfully labeled seed | |||||||||
S.No | Crop | Qty | Value | S.No | Crop | Qty | Value | S.No | Crop | Qty | Value |
Rice | Tomato | ||||||||||
Sorghum | Brinjal | ||||||||||
Ragi | Chillies | ||||||||||
Varagu | Bhendi | ||||||||||
Thenai | Onion | ||||||||||
Samai | Ridge gourd | ||||||||||
Varagu | Ash Gourd | ||||||||||
Panivaragu | Snake gourd | ||||||||||
Kuthiraivali | Clusterbean | ||||||||||
Maize | Pumpkin | ||||||||||
Red gram | Amaranthus | ||||||||||
Green gram | A.Moringa | ||||||||||
Black gram | Veg.Cowpea | ||||||||||
Cow pea | Lab Lab | ||||||||||
Horse gram | |||||||||||
Mothbean | |||||||||||
Fodder Sorghum | |||||||||||
Cotton | |||||||||||
Groundnut | |||||||||||
Gingelly | |||||||||||
Castor | |||||||||||
Desmanthus | |||||||||||
Lucerne | |||||||||||
Table 5. Foreign Visits by the Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date | Name of the scientist | Designation and Affiliation | Place of Visit | Purpose of Visit |
1. | – | – | – | – | – |
2. | |||||
3. | |||||
4. | |||||
5. |
Table 6. Patents Filed /Granted to CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Name of the Innovation | Scientist & Department | Date Filing/Grant |
1. | – | – | – |
Table 7. Awards received by the Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S.No | Date of Award | Name of the Award | Name of the Scientist and Designation | Department/
Unit |
Awarding Organization | Cash Award/Plaque/ Certificate* |
1. | 02.07.2018 | Best Research Station Award of TNAU 2017 | —- | CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque, Certificate |
2. | 02.07.2018 | Nalla Venkattappa Award for the Best Research in Redgram | Dr.E.Rajeswari
Asst. Prof (Pl.Pathology) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque, Certificate |
3. | 26.10.2018 | Best Poster Presentation Award for the paper “Lime Induced Iron Chlorosis : Physiological Barrier for Cocoa Intercropping in Coconut Gardens” in NSASM 2018 | Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi
Asst. Prof (Soil Science & Agrl.Chemistry) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Certificate |
4. | 24.02.2019 | Outstanding Achievement Award for the contribution in Coconut Entomology | Dr.K.Rajamanickam
Professor (Agrl. Ento) |
CRS, Aliyarnagar | TNAU | Plaque / Certificate |
*Scanned copy of certificates attached
Table 8. Trainings/Conference attended by Scientists of CRS, Aliyarnagar during 2018-19
S. No | Name of the Training/Conference | Name of the Scientist | Date of the Event (From.. To..) | Organizers | Host Institution & Place | |
Conferences/Seminars | ||||||
International | ||||||
1. | First Cleanup Congress 2018 | Dr.R.M.Jayabalakrishnan | 22.10.2018 – 24.10.2018 | Dept. of Environmental Sciences, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
National | ||||||
1. | 27th Annual Group Meet of Palms at IIOPR, Pedavegi | Dr.V.Sivakumar
Dr.R.Ramjegathesh Dr.M.Alagar |
23.05.2018 – 26.05.2018 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | CPCRI, Kasaragod | |
2. | World Coconut Day 2018 | Dr.K.Rajamanickam | 02.09.2018 | Coconut Development Board, Cochin | Agricultural College, Raipur | |
3. | National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management : Challenges and Opportunities | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.V.Sivakumar Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi |
25.10.2018, 26.10.2018 | Dept. of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
4. | National Symposium on Cutting Edge Approaches for Sustainable Disease Management and ensuring Farmers’ Profit | Dr.E.Rajeswari | 20.12.2018, 21.12.2018 | Indian Phytopathological Society | National Research Centre for Banana, Trichy | |
5. | National Conference on Farmers orientation Towards Climate Change and Upgrading to Sustainable Agriculture FOCUS 2019 | Dr.K.Rajamanickam | 23.02.2019- 24.02.2019 | GOI – Coconut Development Board and NBAIR | Trichy | |
State | ||||||
1. | World Coconut Day 2018 | Dr.K.Venkatesan, Dr.E.Rajeswari, Dr.R.M. Jayabalakrishnan, Dr.S.Sundravadana, Dr.V.Sivakumar, Dr.M.Alagar and Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi | 02.09.2018 | CRS, Aliyarnagar and Vinayaga Coconut Producers Society, Pollachi | Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Manakkadavu | |
2. | State level seminar on Scientific Coconut Cultivation Technology / Value Addition in coconut | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.K.Rajamanickam Dr.E.Rajeswari |
12.11.2018 – 14.11.2018 | Coconut Development Board, Cochin | Nagercoil | |
3. | Agri Fair | Dr.K.Venkatesan
Dr.K.Rajamanickam |
21.12.2018 | Pollachi Chamber of Trade and Commerce | KKG Wedding Hall, Pollachi | |
Trainings | ||||||
International | ||||||
National | ||||||
1. | Orientation Programme on Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Coconut | Dr.M.Alagar | 23.04.2018 – 29.04.2018 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | CPCRI, Kasaragod | |
2. | One day training on Automated Agro Advisory Mobile cum App | Dr.R.M.Jayabalakrishnan | 15.02.2019 | Agroclimate Research Centre, TNAU, Coimbatore | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
State | ||||||
1. | Workshop on Grantsmanship to young faculty of TNAU | Dr.C.Sudhalakshmi | 07.01.2019 | Centre for Plant Molecular Biology, TNAU, Coimbatore. | TNAU, Coimbatore | |
2. | One day demonstration programme on modified ground pollination techniques in coconut | Dr.V.Sivakumar | 17.01.2019 – 19.01.2019 | CPCRI, Kasaragod | ICAR-CPCRI, Regional Station, Kayamkulam | |
Table 9 Publications of the Scientists during 2018-19
S.No | Category | Publication Details* (in English) | Publication Details* (in Tamil) | NAAS Score | Scopus/Web of Science Listing |
A. | Books with ISBN only
(Indicate ISBN Number) |
||||
1. | |||||
2. | |||||
B. | Books without ISBN only | ||||
1. | Subramanian, A., H.P.Maheswarappa, B., A.Jerard, S.Sumitha, V.Sivakumar, K.Rajamanickam and K.Venkatesan. 2018. | Documentation of elite coconut mother palms for augmenting quality planting material production in coconut growing regions. In: Technical Bulletin: AICRP on Palms, Coconut Research Station, TNAU, Aliyar Nagar and ICAR – CPCRI, Kasaragod. | bjd;id rhFgo bra;ag;gLk; gFjpfspy; jukhd fd;Wfs; cw;gj;jpf;F jha;kuj; njh;t[ Fwpj;j Mtzk;. bjhHpy;El;g ifnaL. mfpy ,e;jpa gidg; gaph;fs; Muha;r;rpj; jpl;lk;/ fhrh;nfhL kw;Wk; bjd;id Muha;r;rp epiyak;/ MHpahh; efh;. | ||
C. | Chapters in Books with ISBN only (Indicate ISBN Number) | ||||
1. | |||||
2. | |||||
3. | |||||
4. | |||||
D. | Articles in journals | ||||
1. | Chaudhari Sunil, Khare , D., Sundravadana S., Manohar Surendra and Variath Murali, T.2017. | Capturing Genetic Diversity in Genomic Selection Panel of Groundnut for foliar disease resistance, yield and nutritional quality traits. International Journal of Genetics, 9(5); 278 – 283. | ,iyneha;fSf;fhd jh’;F jpwd;/ mjpf tpisjpwd; kw;Wk; Cl;lr;rj;J gz;g[fs; bfhz;l epyf;fliy \yf;TWfis kugpay; ntWghLfs; bfhz;L bjhpt[ bra;jy;. kugpaYf;fhd rh;tnjr r”;rpif. 9(5): 278- 283. | 4.46 | |
2. | Sobhan Kumar Kompalli, S.Suresh Babu, C..Udaya soorian, Rajamani and M.Jayabalakrishnan.2018 | Role of anthropogenic emissions and meteorology on ultrafine particle bursts over a high altitude site in western ghats during pre-monsoon. Journal of Atmosphere and Solar – Terrestrial Physics 179 : 378 – 388. | nkw;F bjhlh;r;rp kiyapy; Kd;gUt fhyj;jpy; kdpj tHp khRghL kw;Wk; fhyep[iyapd; jhf;fj;jhy; Vw;gLk; Ez; Jfs; btog;g[. tspkz;ly kw;Wk; Nhpa –g[tp rhh;e;j r”;rpif 179 : 378 -388. | 7.49 | |
3. | Prisca Seeli F.D A. John Joel, E. Rajeswari, A. and Thangahemavathy. 2018. | Development of reference set for Fusarium wilt resistance using principal component scores in pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan Millsp L.) germplasm. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 9 (3 ) : 1045 – 1052. | Jtiuapy; @g;a{nrhpak; thly; neha;f;F jh’;F jpwd; bfhz;l kug[f; fUt{y’;fisf; fz;lwpjy;. gaph; ,dg;bgUf;f kpd;dpay; r”;rpif. 9(3) : 1045- 1052. | 4.97 | |
4. | Achanta Sravika, JS Kennedy, D Rajabaskar and E Rajeswari. 2018. | Screening of blackgram genotypes against leaf crinkle virus. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies; 6(6): 119-122. | ,iy RUs; er;Raphpf;F vjph;g;g[j; jpwd; bfhz;l cSe;J kugqf; fUt{y’;fisf; fz;lwpjy;. g{r;rpapay; kw;Wk; tpy’;fpay; gog;g[ gw;wpa r”;rpif 6(6) : 119 – 122. | 5.53 | |
5. | Sudhalakshmi, C.2019. | Assessment of the spatial variability in soil micronutrients of Coconut Research Station, Aliyar Nagar employing geospatial techniques. Green Farming 10 (1): 17 – 21. | MHpahh; bjd;id Muha;r;rp epiyaj;jpd; kz;zpd; ntWghl;il g[tpapay; bjhHpy;El;g’;fs; bfhz;L tifg;gLj;Jjy;. gRik gz;izak; 10(1) : 17-21. | 4.38 | |
6. | Balusamy, A., Udayasoorian, C. and Jayabalakrishnan R M . 2019 | Effect of subsurface drainage system on Maize growth, yield and soil quality. Int.J. Curr. Microbio. App. Sci.8(2): 1206-1215 | kf;fhrnrhsj;;;jpd;; tsh;r;rp/ kfNy;; kw;Wk; kz;zpd; juj;jpy; fPH; tofhy; mikg;g[ Vw;gLj;Jk; jhf;fk;. rh;tnjr Ez;qaphpay; kw;wk; brayhf;f caphpay; r”;rpif. 8(02): 1206 – 1215. | 5.38 | |
7. | Arunkumar, K., V.Jegadeeswari and C.Ushamalini. 2019 | Seed priming technology in spice crops. Journal of Phytology. 11: 21-24. | thridg; gaph;fspy; tpij neh;j;jp. $h;dy;;;; M@g;; igl;lhy$p.. 11: 21-24. | 4.03 | |
8. | Rani, S., C.Sudhalakshmi, K.Venkatesan and H.P.Maheswarappa. 2019. | Effect of fertigation on Productivity and Economics of Dwarf Coconut cv. Chowghat Orange Dwarf (COD). Int.J. Curr. Microbio. App. Sci.8(2): 1163 -1168. | rhtf;fhL Mu”;R Fl;il ,ufj; bjd;idapy; cuePh;g;ghrdj;jhy; tpisjpwd; kw;Wk; bghUshjhu tpfpjj;jpy; Vw;gLk; jhf;fk;. rh;tnjr Ez;qaphpay; kw;wk; brayhf;f caphpay; r”;rpif. 8(2): 1163 – 1168. | 5.38 | |
E. | Abstracts in seminars | ||||
1. | Venkatesan, K. and Shoba, N. 2018. | Standardization of planting material in pepper for high relative humidity conditions under coconut ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 286 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; fhw;wpd; mjpf <ug;gjj;jpw;F Vw;g[ila FWkpsF elt[ bghUisj; ju eph;zak; bra;jy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 286. | ||
2. | Sivakumar, V. and Subramaniam, V.2018. | Effect of graded levels of boron and magnesium on abiotic stress management in jasmine. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 226 | Fz;L ky;ypapy; nghuhd; kw;Wk; kf;dPrpar; rj;Jfis mspj;J Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwiaf; fisjy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 226. | ||
3. | Sivakumar, V., Subramanian, A., Shoba, N and Venkatesan, K. 2018 | Evaluation of ginger genotypes for high relative humidity conditions under coconut ecosystem. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 274 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; fhw;wpd; mjpf <ug;gj epiyf;F Vw;w ,”;rp kug[f;TWfis kjpg;gPL bra;jy;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 274. | ||
4. | Sudhalakshmi, C.2018. | Root attributes: Determinants of differential efficiency of rice genotypes in tolerance to zinc stress. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 55 | nth; gz;g[fs;. – bew; gaphpy; Jj;jehfg; gw;whf;Fiwf;fhd jh’;F jpwid eph;zapf;Fk Kf;fpa fhuzpfs;. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 55. | ||
5. | Sudhalakshmi, C. 2018. | Lime Induced Iron Chlorosis : Physiological barrier for cocoa intercropping in coconut gardens. In: Proceedings of the National Seminar on Abiotic Stress Management – Challenges and Opportunities organized by the Department of Crop Physiology, TNAU, Coimbatore during 25 -26, October 2018. Pp. 229 | bjd;id tsh; NHypy; nfhnfh rhFgoapy; Rz;zfj;jhy; Vw;gLk; ,Uk;g[r;rj;J gw;whf;Fiw. gaph;fspy; Vw;gLk; Cl;lfg; gw;whf;Fiwia fistjw;fhd rthy;fSk; tha;g;g[fSk; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F/ gaph; tpidapay; Jiw/ jkpH;ehL ntshz;ik gy;fiyf;fHfk;/ nfhak;g[j;Jhh;. mf;nlhgh;/ 25-26/ 2018. gf;fk;. 229. | ||
6. | Rajeswari ,E., R. Ramjegathesh and H.P. Maheswarappa.2018. | Integrated disease management module for coconut leaf blight disease. In the Souvenir of the National Symposium 2018 – Cutting Edge Approaches for Sustainable Plant Disease Management and ensuring Farmers profit. National Research Centre for Banana, Trichy. Pp.113 | bjd;idapy; Vw;gLk; ,iyf;fUfy; neha; fl;Lg;ghl;Lf;fhd XU’;fpize;j nkyhz;ik Kiw. cHth;fspd; tUkhdj;ij bgUf;f/ epiyahd gaph; neha; nkyhz;ikf;fhd mqFKiwfs; vd;w njrpa fUj;ju’;F. njrpa thiH Muha;r;rp ikak;/ jpUr;rp/ ork;gh;. 2018 gf;fk; 113. | ||
F. | Popular articles in Weeklies and Monthlies | ||||
1. | rp.Rjhy&;kp/ $. uQ;kj; ep#h kw;Wk; f.bt’;fnlrd;. 2018. | kz;iz mwpe;jhy;…….. jpdkyh;. 05.12.2018. | kz;iz mwpe;jhy;…….. jpdkyh;. 05.12.2018. | ||
2. | Srinivasan, T., K. Rajamanickam , R. Ramjegathesh, V.Sivakumar, S. Rani and K. Venkatesan. 2018 | Integrated Pest Management in Coconut – Management of Rugose spiraling whitefly by natural enemies. Dinamalar Daily paper (tamil) on 22.04.2018. | bjd;idapy; xU’;fpize;j g{r;rp nkyhz;ik – ,aw;if vjphpfs; bfhz;L +nfh!; RUs; bts;is < nkyhz;ik. jpdkyh;. 22.04.2018. | ||
3. | rp.Rjhy&;kp/ f.,uh$khzpf;fk; kw;Wk; f.bt’;fnlrd;.2018. | twl;rpapYk; bjd;idia thH itg;nghk;. cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik. gpg;uthp 2018. | twl;rpapYk; bjd;idia thH itg;nghk;. cHthpd; tsUk; ntshz;ik. gpg;uthp 2018. |
* APA referencing format